How To Refinish Furniture Wood

Refinishing wood furniture can breathe new life into old pieces, transforming worn surfaces into gleaming showpieces. This process involves stripping away the old finish, sanding the wood smooth, and applying a new protective and decorative layer. While it requires patience and attention to detail, refinishing furniture is a rewarding project that can be accomplished with the right tools and techniques.

Essential Tools and Materials

Gathering the necessary tools and materials beforehand streamlines the refinishing process. Having everything ready ensures a smoother workflow and prevents unnecessary interruptions.

* Sandpaper (various grits) * Chemical stripper * Paint scraper * Putty knife * Wood stain (optional) * Finish (e.g., polyurethane, lacquer) * Brushes or rags for application * Safety glasses and gloves * Drop cloths and ventilation

Preparing the Furniture

Proper preparation is crucial for a successful refinishing project. It ensures that the new finish adheres correctly and results in a professional-looking outcome.

* Clean the furniture thoroughly, removing any dust, dirt, or grime. * Remove any hardware, such as knobs, pulls, and hinges. * Disassemble any parts that can be easily removed, such as drawers and shelves. This allows for easier access to all surfaces and ensures a more even finish.

Stripping the Old Finish

Removing the existing finish is often the most labor-intensive part of the refinishing process. Care must be taken to avoid damaging the wood underneath.

* Apply a chemical stripper according to the manufacturer's instructions. * Allow the stripper to dwell for the recommended time, softening the old finish. * Use a paint scraper or putty knife to carefully remove the softened finish, working in the direction of the wood grain. * Neutralize the stripper as directed by the manufacturer. This step is critical to prevent the stripper from interfering with the new finish.

Sanding the Wood

Sanding smooths the wood and prepares it for the new finish. This step is essential for achieving a professional-looking result.

* Start with a coarser grit sandpaper (e.g., 80-grit) to remove any remaining finish and level any imperfections. * Gradually move to finer grits (e.g., 120, 150, 220), sanding with the grain to avoid scratches. * After each sanding, vacuum or wipe the surface thoroughly to remove any dust. This ensures that the next grit of sandpaper works effectively.

Applying Wood Stain (Optional)

Applying stain enhances the wood's natural color or adds a new hue. This step is optional but can significantly impact the final appearance.

* Choose a wood stain that complements the furniture style and desired aesthetic. * Apply the stain evenly with a brush or rag, following the manufacturer's instructions. * Allow the stain to penetrate for the recommended time before wiping off any excess. * Allow the stain to dry completely before proceeding to the next step.

Applying the Finish

The finish protects the wood and provides the final sheen. Choosing the right finish and applying it correctly is vital for a durable and beautiful result.

* Select a finish appropriate for the furniture's intended use (e.g., polyurethane for durability, lacquer for a smooth finish). * Apply the finish in thin, even coats, following the manufacturer's instructions. * Allow each coat to dry completely before applying the next. * Lightly sand between coats with very fine-grit sandpaper (e.g., 320-grit) to ensure a smooth surface.

Final Touches and Reassembly

The final steps ensure the furniture is ready for use and retains its newly refinished look.

* Allow the final coat of finish to cure completely before handling the furniture. This can take several days, depending on the type of finish used. * Reassemble the furniture, reattaching any hardware that was removed earlier. * Buff the surface lightly with a soft cloth for a final polish.

Maintaining the Finish

Proper maintenance will help protect the refinished furniture and keep it looking its best for years to come. Consistent care can significantly extend the life of the finish.

* Dust the furniture regularly with a soft, dry cloth. * Clean up spills immediately to prevent staining or damage to the finish. * Avoid placing hot objects directly on the finished surface. Use coasters or trivets to protect the finish from heat damage. * Use furniture polish sparingly, as excessive use can build up over time.